rap for freedom of speech essays

rap for freedom of speech essays If you were a songwriter and all your thoughts and efforts were put onto a piece of paper, would you want "big brother" to come and tell you that half of the subject matter is inappropriate and must be censored? Censorship can be defined as a banning of literature, music, and other forms of expression. This is a problem that many rap artists face these days. The three main objectives in this piece I will pursue is why we should allow artists to express themselves, why rap artists should have the freedom of speech, and why censoring destroys the art in rap. For these reasons I believe that rappers should have the freedom to express their views on their albums. For years "gangsta rappers" have sang about the racism, police harassment, poverty and desperation that exists in Americas inner most parts of our cities. From "old school" NWA to Bone Thugs n Harmony to newer artists such as DMX, the struggle and anger stays very thematic. Controversy has always played a role in rap because of its content. In one of the most famous cases of music censorship, police in Dade County, Florida set up a sting to arrest three retailers selling copies of a record by 2 Live Crew to children under the age of 18. Objections to 2 Live Crew started with the breakthrough of their hit "Me So Horny." No prosecutions resulted in standing convictions. Members of 2 Live Crew were also prosecuted for performing the material live in concert. Later that year, Florida grand jury determined that four rap albums (including "Freedom of Speech" by Ice-T) are legally obscene. Area retailers quickly pulled the records from the shelves to avoid prosecution. Following t he controversy surrounding Ice Cube's album Death Certificate, the state of Oregon made it illegal to display Ice Cube's image in any retail store. The ban even extended to ads for St. Ides Malt Liquor, which used Ice Cube as a spokesperson. As we c ...

Notebooks vs. Recorders for Journalism

Notebooks vs. Recorders for Journalism Which works better when interviewing a source: taking notes the old-fashioned way, with pen and reporters notebook in hand or using a cassette or digital voice recorder? The short answer is that both have their pros and cons, depending on the situation and the type of story youre doing. Lets examine both. Notebooks Pros A reporters notebook and a pen or pencil are the time-honored tools of the interviewing trade. Notebooks are cheap and easy to fit into a back pocket or purse. Theyre also unobtrusive enough that they generally dont make sources nervous. A notebook is also reliable - no need to worry about it running out of batteries. And for the reporter working on a tight deadline, notebooks are the fastest way of taking down what a source says and accessing his or her quotes when writing the story. Cons Unless youre a very speedy note-taker, its hard to jot down everything a source says, especially if he or she is a fast talker. So you can miss key quotes if youre relying on note-taking. Also, it can be hard to get quotes that are totally accurate, word-for-word, using just a notebook. That may not matter much if youre doing a quick person-on-the-street interview. But it might be a problem if youre covering an event where getting the quotes exactly right is important - say, a speech by the president. One note about pens - they freeze in subzero weather. So if its cold out, always bring a pencil just in case. Recorders Pros Recorders are worth buying because they  enable you to get literally everything someone says, word-for-word. You dont have to worry about missing or mangling key quotes from your source. Using a recorder can also free you up to jot down things in your notes you might otherwise have missed, such as the way a source acts, their facial expressions, etc. Cons Like any technical device, recorders can malfunction. Practically every reporter whos ever used a recorder has a story about the batteries dying in the middle of an important interview. Also, recorders are more time-consuming than notebooks because a recorded interview has to be played back later and transcribed in order to access the quotes. On a breaking news story, there just isnt enough time to do that. Finally, recorders can make some sources nervous. And some sources may even prefer that their interviews not be recorded. Note: There are digital voice recorders on the market that are designed to transcribe everything thats recorded. But such recorders are usable for dictation only and the best results occur with top-quality voice recording via a headset microphone and clearly enunciated, accent-less speech. In other words, in a real-world interviewing scenario, where theres likely to be lots of background noise, its probably not a great idea to rely on such devices alone. The Winner? Theres no clear winner. But there are clear preferences: Many reporters rely on notebooks for breaking news stories and use recorders for articles that have longer deadlines such as features. Overall, notebooks are probably used more often than recorders on a daily basis.Recorders are good if youre doing a long interview for a story that doesnt have an immediate deadline, such as a profile or feature article. A recorder allows you to better maintain eye contact with your source, thus making the interview feel more like a conversation. But remember: Even if youre recording an interview, always take notes anyway. Why? Its Murphys Law: the one time you rely solely on a recorder for an interview will be the one time the recorder malfunctions. To sum up: Notebooks work best when youre on a tight deadline. Recorders are good for stories where you have time to transcribe the quotes after the interview.

Mobile Phones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Mobile Phones - Essay Example However, it was only in the late 80’s that the first commercial or hand held mobile phone was introduced to the world by Motorola, at a very high price range, targeting only the elite class. The handsets were massive, inconvenient to use but still they reflected status and style symbol. The first generation cellular system was the Nordic Mobile Telephone System (NTMS) launched in 1981 in Finland, featuring fully automatic options and international roaming as a huge incentive. It was in 1990 that the first digital cellular phone was launched in a smaller size, though used mainly for making and receiving calls while on the move. Today it’s a different scenario with cell phones. The kind of handsets with the kinds of features made available, it has made gigantic leaps in terms of technology improvement. One can do almost anything with it, take pictures, make videos, chat with friends, and send messages and many other features. Over 798 million people today access internet or mobile internet services using a mobile phone. Mobile phones today have become an inseparable part of our society. It can be considered one of the best inventions man has made so far. It is the perfect communication tool with distance issues getting resolved with just one click of a button. It has proved most valuable in any emergency situations. We never know when we or our loved ones may be in an emergency situation; this is the best mode to communicate (Castells, 2007). It is also very functional for business people and trading companies as they can be in touch with their clients all the time. Today businesses are promoted through calls on mobiles and using the Short Messaging Services (SMS). Latest updates, news, online transactions are all easily accessible through mobile phones. Any kind of business can be done over the phone, be it share business or real estate or the local florist, everything is available on the click of a button. Mobile phones are of

Factors That Influence Companies' Choice Of Location Dissertation

Factors That Influence Companies' Choice Of Location - Dissertation Example In establishing the organisation‘s strategic approaches, it involves the determination of the factors affecting both the endogenous and exogenous environment of the firm (Kotler 2008). This is necessary as organisations do not operate in a vacuum, but it performs its transactions within the spectrum of society (Kotler 2008). In this regard, one of the salient issues that are determinative of the failure or success of an organisation is its location (Roslin and Rosnan 2012). An excellent location provides certain advantages and benefits to the firm, and these are 1. Increase profits 2. Employment opportunities. 3. It gives companies the chance to be closer to both its target market and resources 4. Reduces the cost of production 5. Provides an opportunity for the organisation to utilise its location for its competitive advantage (Boone & Kurtz, 2006; Hoogstra and van Dijk 2004; Roslin and Rosnan 2012). As such, the decision for the organisation’s location is pivotal for t he survival and success of the organisation as it responds to the demands of the stringent global economic market. ... Increase profits 2. Employment opportunities. 3. It gives companies the chance to be closer to both its target market and resources 4. Reduces the cost of production 5. Provides an opportunity for the organisation to utilise its location for its competitive advantage (Boone & Kurtz, 2006; Hoogstra and van Dijk 2004; Roslin and Rosnan 2012). As such, the decision for the organisation’s location is pivotal for the survival and success of the organisation as it responds to the demands of the stringent global economic market. This involves not only short-term but also long-term factor of the organization and therefore decision making of pertinent to location should be undertaken with outmost planning and sagacity in order to minimise, if not totally eliminate, risks that may arise because of the location decision of the company (Jain 2010). However, according to Roslin and Rosnan (2012), the impact of location has been downplayed not only by scholars but also by organisations them selves. Locational decision has been normally made not in view of organisational strategy and tactic, but often in terms of profit and cost saving measures (Blair and Premus 1998). Besides, there is an unresolved ambiguity between location and environment which results in a superficial study of location especially in the retail sector (Clarke and Hallsworth 1994) Furthermore, this is evident when it comes to small and medium size enterprises. Although the notion of location seems to be a fundamental factor affecting the dynamics and dynamism of the firm, small enterprises are not given the ample guidance and help in making the appropriate location decision. This observation becomes more serious as it is acknowledged that there is no best or perfect location

Qualitative Research Methodologies Essay Example for Free

Qualitative Research Methodologies Essay Veal (2000) has described research a â€Å"systematic and careful inquiry ands search for the truth† or an investigation into a subject to discover facts. Research is collection of methods, tools and techniques for acquiring knowledge. The nature of research is to discover and explain and answer the unanswered questions. Qualitative methodology focuses on quality† a term referring to the essence or ambience of something (Anastas, 1999). Qualitative methods are used to understand complex social phenomena. They are suitable to seek knowledge about the fundamental characteristics of a phenomenon under study. Types of Qualitative Methodologies Case-Study Research Methodology Case study as a â€Å"realistic† methodology, which deals with solid and specific questions. Case study translates research question into more researchable problems, and provides rich examples, which are easy to comprehend. The significance of case studies is its revealing meaning of a phenomenon. Observation Research Methodology Scott (2001) has described observation an effective way of finding out about people in their particular environment. Observational research method provides understanding of interaction between marketers and users, exploring members interaction in an organisation and understanding norms in a community. Ethnographic Research Methodology According to Garson (1998) ethnography is the study of cultural groupings. It concentrates on close field observation of socio-cultural phenomena. Ethnographic research is a holistic approach that tries to understand a culture through the members of given culture. Quantitative Research Methodologies Quantitative research is gathering data in quantity. The goal of the quantitative research approach is to find out the truth by using statistical procedure. Hara (1995) has pointed out that quantitative methodology allows readers to understand facts easily by looking at charts and graphs. The use of statistics reduces contradictions, which may exist in research. Morgan (2000) has mentioned that â€Å"quantification† allows accuracy of statements by providing facts and figures with precision. Absence of one will make the other incomprehensible. It is assumed that quantitative methodologies are more logical and more comprehensible than qualitative methodology for this reason. descriptive, experimental, quasi-experimental Methodologies. Data Collection However for this research the most appropriate method for this study is case study as this study is comparison of these two cities based on the data and facts obtained from different libraries, books, journals, newspapers and census department to answer the questions below. †¢ How history and geographical location influence their development? †¢ What are the current economic figures of the cities? †¢ How much progress these cities have made in trade, commerce health education and sanitation systems? †¢ What is the role of geography and location in the development of urban cities?

slavery and the plantation Essays -- Slavery Essays

slavery and the plantation During the era of slavery in the United States, not all blacks were slaves. There were a many number of free blacks, consisting of those had been freed or those in fact that were never slave. Nor did all slave work on plantations. There were nearly five hundred thousand that worked in the cities as domestic, skilled artisans and factory hands (Green, 13). But they were exceptions to the general rule. Most blacks in America were slaves on plantation-sized units in the seven states of the South. And with the invent of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney, more slaves were needed to work the ever-growing cotton game (Frazier, 14). The size of the plantations varied with the wealth of the planters. There were small farmers with two or three slaves, planters with ten to thirty slaves and big planters who owned a thousand or more slaves. Scholars generally agree that slaves received better treatment on the small farms and plantation that did not employ overseers or general managers. Almost half of the slaves, however, live, worked and died on plantations where the owners assigned much of their authority to overseers. The plantation was a combination factory, village and police precinct. The most obvious characteristic was the totalitarian regime placed on the slave. One example of this was a communal nursery, which prepared slave children for slavery and made it possible for their mothers to work in the fields. The woman who cared for black children was commonly designated "aunty" to distinguish her from the "mammy", the nurse of white children. Sometimes one women cared for both white and black children. Boys and girls wandered in around in a state of near-nudity until they reached the age of work. On some plantations they were issued tow-linen shirts, on others they wore guano bags with holes punched in them for the head and arms. Children were never issued shoes until they were sent to the fields, usually at the age of six or seven. Young workers were broken in as water boys or in the the "trash gang." At the age of ten or twelve, children were given a regular field routine. A former slave recalls, "Children had to go to the fiel' at six on out place. Maybe they don't do nothin' but pick up stones or tote water, but thy got to get used to bein' there." (Johnson, 40-45) Cooking on the plantation was a collect... ... with children would be less likely to attempt escape. The marriage ceremony was instructed by the wisest and most respected slave on the plantation, and included the ritual of jumping the broomstick. Males and females were expected to remain faithful after the marriage. The marriages lasted a long time, some thirty years or more. The life on the plantation was the only life known to a slave. Few slaves ever had the opportunity to leave the plantation so it was the only world they knew. One can think of a plantation as an isolated island, with occasional contact from the outside world. It was only through making contact with the outside world that slaves became aware that they too deserved freedom and gained the knowledge to obtain it. BIBLIOGRAPHY E.Franklin Frazier. Black Bourgeoisie. New York 1957 Berkin, Miller, Cherny, and Gormly. Making America: A History of the United States. Boston 1995. Douglass, Frederick. The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass. Hartford 1881. Johnson, Charles S. Shadow of the Plantation. Chicago 1941. Olmsted, Frederick Law. The Cotton Kingdom. New York 1948. Green, Bernard V. Bondage of a People. Miami 1991.

Hero and Ceremony

The Monomyth The monomyth is a recurring, underlying theme that many writers follow not only intentionally but unintentionally as well; it follows the hero throughout the novel and explains the success of many mainstream novels. The monomyth is in its entirety he hero’s journey, beginning with the departure, then the initiation and ending with the return.In the novel of ceremony there is no real sense of time there are many flashback’s but there still is a monomyth and it also fills many of the categories to be one. Our hero in ceremony is Tayo even though he is not the average hero with great strength or intelligence but a hero who has an inner battle with himself and stress; he falls into the category of a romantic hero.The refusal in the monomyth has 6 step’s and ceremony manages to cover 5 of them , the first being the refusal and in ceremony it is not as a genuine refusal but a morale one that he wishes to continue to be accepted and not belittled by just be ing native American by the white people, during the war he was accepted and considered a hero by white people but when his uniform was off and he was returned home he was thought less of just because of his ethnicity so the real refusal here is his refusal to return to blatant racism even if it is not direct.A hero must also have a rescue from without that lets the audience see that even heroes are mortal and require help or rescue at one point to appeal to pathos or emotion. Tayo’s issue or battle with post-traumatic stress that causes him to drink to try to escape the sadness and memories of all his friends and loved ones death in the war, he is from without and also has a personal identity crisis that troubles him throughout the novel.The crossing of the threshold in the novel is not marked by a arduous task or magnanimous event but subtle and gentle , after meeting the â€Å"the woman† in the mountains who help’s Tayo with catching Josiah’s cattle or â€Å"the cattle of his dreams throughout his and her meeting by the last meeting Tayo feel’s much better about himself and his heritage, Tayo officially crosses the threshold after freeing the cattle of Josiah from a white man’s ranch but shows him the bill of sale and the cattle are wrangled to the woman’s house, so Tayo gets Robert and they head to the woman’s cabin and when they arrive the cattle are corralled in old Indian fashion and the house is abandoned and a few months after that Grandma claim’s he’s cured but Tayo’s true cure come when he puts an end to the ceremony, which is when Emo comes chasing him and torture Harley, a little before this. Tayo runs into a uranium mine and notices from the patterns on in the mine that it is the final stage of his ceremony.Master of two world's is when the hero realizes that there is nothing separating the new world from old world and is has a better understand and in ceremony this step is very clear when Tayo is finally cured and even a bit before that he is at peace with his old memories and sense of loss and his major self-realization that renders knowledge is after having relations with the woman in the mountain's he knows that the land and people you love are never truly lost because they had existed in the first place. The hero's final step is the Freedom to Live, Tayo with his new found knowledge of himself and the land is finally able to live at peace with himself and calm his inner demons to no longer cause nightmares and be able to live his life as a regular Indian now accepted by the tribe.